Osteoporosis is a disease that decreases bone density, making bones weak and brittle.
In this condition, bones become so porous that even a simple fall can cause a fracture.
Bone formation is a continuous process in the body, but as we age, bone breakdown occurs faster than bone building.
Postmenopausal women are at the highest risk of developing osteoporosis due to a drop in estrogen levels.
The disease is usually painless until a fracture occurs, making periodic screening very important.
An internist can accurately assess the risk by prescribing a bone density test (DEXA scan).
Getting adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D through diet or supplements is essential for maintaining bone health.
Weight-bearing exercises like walking and resistance training significantly help strengthen bone tissue.
Various medications, such as bisphosphonates, exist that a doctor can prescribe to prevent further bone breakdown.
Fall prevention in the elderly, by making the home environment safe, is a crucial part of managing this disease.